Mabo Vs Queensland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mabo Vs Queensland - Essay Example As such, the successive governments had made no endeavour to establish a system of national land rights. This undesirable situation was rectified by the Australian High Court, which relied upon its constitutional authority to declare land rights (Keon-Cohen, 2000: 893). The decision in Mabo (No 1) in conjunction with international commitments to racial equality and the just terms protection under the Australian Constitution, and the national bill for compulsory acquisition of native title, engendered new property rights. The Mabo (No 2) decision provided various opportunities to the government to ensure land justice (Keon-Cohen, 2000: 893). However, these opportunities were squandered by the government. A political solution to this issue was made available in the federal, State, and Territory statutory schemes relating to land rights (Keon-Cohen, 2000: 893). However, these schemes have effectively distorted the judgement in Mabo (No 2); and served to distance it from the common law. The extant political solutions for this long standing national issue are irrational, and it is in this depressing environment that the High Court’s judgement proves to be welcome. Moreover, the legislative solutions, in respect of this predicament have proved to be defective; and there are serious administrative lapses in the implementation of the legislative solution (Keon-Cohen, 2000: 893). The scheme provides more opportunities to Crown grantees rather than the indigenous people; and makes no attempt to reconcile the differences between the affected parties. The Mabo decision served to rescind the principle of terra nullius. This doctrine enabled the Crown to appropriate property that was uninhabited. However, this principle was extended by the common law to apply to the lands of the indigenous peoples. This unjust act was sought to be justified by the falsely claiming that the Aboriginals were uncivilised barbarians, and that there was nothing amoral in

THE bcci, bank of credit comerce, white collar crime Essay

THE bcci, bank of credit comerce, white collar crime - Essay Example But, success was not the only step for BCCI’s fate. Price Waterhouse was asked to carry inquiry in March, 1991. It was 24th June, 1991 when they submitted the Sandstorm Report to Bank of England stating that BCCI had engaged in fraud case. Main capital base to BCCI were virtual oil-rich Arab leaders who acted to be the investor but, in reality they were working as nominees. Bank since its beginning attracted people to deposit their funds by pretending that they have more capital which in reality was not true. It used to use the deposits in order to meet the expenses. Even it forced its own shareholders to participate in this drama. Major actions that resulted into frauds by BCCI were enlisted by New York District Attorney. According to them the important points are: Middle East personalities included their names and funds to BCCI as an investor which in effect turned to be flaw because their funding was based on guaranteed no-risk return instead of actual sponsor at risk. After getting the request from Bank of England, Price Waterhouse presented its report on BCCI known as Sandstorm Report. As per the report, BCCI committed several mistakes and did many unofficial activities that are out of one company’s ethics. Price Waterhouse persons collected records from banks of various countries, reviewed them and interviewed in some cases, finally formed one draft keeping all key points there. During their scrutiny they found that BCCI did not record $600 million of BCCI’s deposit. It first knocked the Price Waterhouse audit persons. Among the other types of frauds described by audit include: manipulation of their account at the time of non-performing loan, fabricated profit, hidden losses, setting up of untrue loans for repurchasing shares, cheating of deposits, unreal transactions and charges, showing nominees as capitalists, illegal repurchasing platform for shareholders, bad investment,

Organizational information systems and their functionalities

Organizational information systems and their functionalities The concept of an information system is used in organizations in reference to a computer system which provides the management and other personnel with updated information on the organizational performance such as current inventory and sales. The organizational information systems are designed/developed administered and maintained in order to capture, analyze, quantify, compile, manipulate and share the information. The management information systems are those systems that serve the general, predictable management functions with technological advancements, the enterprise resource planning software and the executive information systems which have improved functionality, integrated and high flexibility. (Hoganson, 2001). The internet further accelerates the information system processes and information exchange through avenues such as e-mail, intranets and the extranets. It allows for wider accessibility and a faster rate of information exchange. The internet technologies such as web-casting and videoconferencing allows for quick and real-time exchange of information. Other modes of mobile computing in line with the internet communication have also increased the accessibility these include; the multi-functional mobile phones, and the IPad. Organizations information systems and their functionalities Organizations implement the information systems for the purposes of improving on efficiency and the effectiveness, to achieve the purpose of implementation, the organization should determine the capabilities of the information system, the work systems and the development/implementation methodologies. The traditional information was composed of executive information systems, the decision support system, management information systems and lastly the transaction processing. The advancement of technology has led to the emergence of new categories of information systems that include; Databases Enterprise systems The enterprise resource planning Office automations Global information systems Expert systems Human Resource Management Systems Information system functionalities The information system functions are varied, for the Riordan Manufacturing Virtual Organization the functions of the information systems will include; The document and record management This is the most crucial aspect of information system especially for the manufacturing organizations such as the Riordan Manufacturing Virtual Organization, the information in the documents is analyzed, quantified compiled and manipulated to enable the organization to determine the means to create the new products and services, the information also provides the market information such as demand and supply, procurement, shipment and customer billing. (Fairhtorne, 1961) The documents include accounting, marketing, financial, manufacturing and human resource. The information system serves as the organizational library since the information is collected and indexed according to the requirements and type of the organization. The information systems improves the accessibility of the information Information, this is because the location and retrieval of the archived information involves a direct and logical process. The designing of the information systems employs a very careful plan which outlines how the information is organized and indexed. Information system as a collaborative tool These serve the purpose of data and information sharing through the use of the information systems software and hardware. The information systems allows the exchange and of data between different departments of the organization and resource sharing in the context of real-time communication, therefore the utilization of the information systems as the collaborative tool in a manufacturing organization such as the Riordan Manufacturing Virtual Organization greatly improves its efficiency. Data mining The information systems enable the analysis of empirical data and the extrapolating of information. Manufacturing and even processing organizations use the extrapolated results in the forecasting and definition of the future trends in the market. Information systems as Query tools The information systems functions as the query tools by allowing the sorting and filtering of information in accordance to the management specification and the system administration. These enable the user to find specific information that is needed in performing a given function. The organizations have a workforce with a varied and wider knowledge base, the information systems ensure a successful navigation of various information levels. The information system administrator helps in ascertaining that the varied collection, retrieval and the analyzation of the systems operate on a common platform. The querying of the information also employs the use of the intelligent agents which customizes the information in order to fit to the individual needs of the organization. The Human Resource Management Systems These systems employ the use of the client-server, the Application Service Provider, and the Software. Human Resource Management Systems have increased the administrative control. Human Resource Management Systems encompass; the Payroll, Work Time, HR management Information system, Recruiting and Training (Learning Management System) Global interconnectivity The payroll module enables the automation of the pay process through gathering data about the employees attendance, calculation of various deductions and the taxes, and the generation periodic pay cheque and reports The work time module collects the standardized time and work related efforts, it provides a broad flexibility for data collection, the distribution of labor and the data analysis features. The HR management module covers many aspects of HR ranging from the application to the retirement. These include; the system records, the basic demographic, the address data, the training and development plans, and the compensation plan records. The advanced systems provide the ability to read the applications and data entry in relevance to applications of the database fields, through the global interconnections the employers are notified and provided with a good management position and overall control. The Human resource management function involves; recruitment, placement, evaluating, compensation and the development of the organizations employees. (Caldelli Parmigiani, 2004) The businesses use the computer based information systems to; produce the pay checks and payroll reports; maintain the personnel records; and enhance Talent Management. The global interconnectivity enables online recruitment and analyzing of personnel usage in organizations; identification of the potential applicants; and the recruitment through online recruiting sites or publications that market to both recruiters and applicants. The globalization also provides the training module creates the system for organizations to easily administer and track the employees training and career development efforts. HR managers can also track the education qualifications and skills of their employees, the process of outlining training courses or the web based learning materials are also enabled through the interconnection of the HRMS. A failure in the operation of a major system of operation of the human resource management system could lead to fatal losses that can cause the fall of an organization. Therefore the main reason for the protection of this system is because it the backbone of all the operations of the organizations which depend on human resource for the utilization of other resources.

Ford Pinto Trial Essay -- essays papers

Ford Pinto Trial The objective of this paper is to investigate what led to the Ford pinto criminal trial and the impact that it had. What led up to the criminal indictment of Ford, the trial itself, the verdict of the trial will be discussed. The Impact that this trial has had on the Automobile industry will also be investigated. In the late 1960's there was strong competition from VW and several Japanese companies in the small car market. Due to this competition Ford hurried the design of their small car, the Pinto, to market. Since the car was rushed into market and the specifications for the car were that it weigh under 2000 pounds and cost less than $2000, safety was not a major concern in the design of the pinto.1 In pre-production testing Ford found that the gas tank was likely to leak and possibly burst into flames when it is struck from behind. Internal documents show that eleven of the tests averaging thirty one miles per hour were performed before the Pinto went into production. In only three of the eleven tests did the fuel tank in the Pinto not rupture. In one test a plastic wiffle ball was placed between the front of the gas tank between the tank and the differential housing so that four bolts would not tear into the tank. In the next successful test a piece of steel was placed between the f uel tank and the bumper. In the third test the fuel tank was lined with a rubber liner. Although Ford found that fuel tank rupture was likely to happen they decided to go ahead with this design because assembly line machinery was all ready tooled and they concluded that it was not cost efficient to add an $5.08 rubber bladder to the car cost to the car to remedy the design flaw, instead they determined that it would be cheaper to settle or fight any civil law suits rather then remedy this problem.3 In their cost analysis, that would have improved fuel tank safety for their whole line of cars and trucks, they concluded that there would be 180 burn deaths, 180 serious burn injuries, and 2100 burned vehicles at a cost of $200,000 per burn death, $67,000 per serious burn injury, and $700 per burned vehicle which came up to a total cost of $49.5 million. The estimated cost to prevent leakage in their cars and trucks was $11 dollars each. So with sales of 11 million cars and 1.5 millio n light trucks the total cost to improve fuel tank safety wou... ...so showed that even if the product passes the minimum safety standards a manufacturer should hold safety concerns with the utmost importance.5 Lastly, it gave other attorneys confidence to file criminal charges against a manufacturer if they intentionally sell a harmful product. In conclusion I believe that Ford acted very irresponsible in the design of the Pinto and they should have been held accountable in both civil and criminal cases. They were foolish and morally wrong to take profits over peoples lives. Every engineer can learn a lot about how important product safety is by looking into this case. Bibliography: References: 1 Lee Patrick Strobel, "Reckless Homicide? Ford's Pinto Trail", 1980 , And Books. [LL] 2 Francis T. Cullen, "Corporate Crime Under Attack, The Ford Pinto Case and Beyond", 1987, Anderson Publishing. [LL] 3 Ellen Hochstedler, "Corporations as Criminals, Perspectives in Criminal Justice", 1984, Sage publications. [LL] 4 Paul Eisenstein, "Courts Give Crash Course in Car Design", The Engineer v 277 July 1, 1993 pg. 18. [EJ] 5 Charles J. Murry, "The Real Story Behind Car Fires", Design News v 48 1993 pg. 114-120. [EJ]

Internet Banking Fraud †Clive Peeters Case

One of the most common forms of employee fraud that we have been seeing for quite some time involves access to internet banking. Businesses often have two signatories for company cheques but allow full single user access to their internet banking. The result is an accident waiting to happen. An internet banking fraud of $20 million was reported today in the Sydney Morning Herald involved the payroll manager of listed white goods retailer, Clive Peeters. Full story : http://business. smh. com. au/business/employee-admits-stealing-20m-20090811-eh02. tml In that case, the payroll manager invested in proceeds of her fraud in real estate and cars, so the company is hoping to recover some or all of their monies. However in most cases that we have seen, the money is spent or gambled and their is very little or nothing to recover. Other similarities to the cases that we have seen: †¢the amount of the fraud is always larger than expected. The estimates of the Clive Peeters fraud went fro m $2 million to $7 million to $20 million. †¢the fraud was conducted over a longer period than expected. The current estimate is that the fraud was operating for 18 months. It is vitally important where a business is using internet banking that a two signatory approval for any payments or transfers is put in place. The standard internet banking software provided by the banks is inadequate for business use because it lacks the necessary internal controls. Speak to your bank about obtaining the higher security, multiple signatory version of internet banking. Unfortunately, in our experience, it is not easy to obtain and you have to speak to many people in the bank before you get someone you knows anything about it.

College Is A Waste of Time and Money Essay

Maybe it’s my age or my personality, but I really haven’t enjoyed many of the stories that we have had to read. To me, there is an extreme amount of negativity in them, especially in the titles. I think it would have been more interesting and relevant to read a current article on this subject, and not something written in 1975. While the basics are still in play, there have been a lot of changes over the years. The most notable difference would be the demographics that make up today’s student body. As an older, non-traditional student, I don’t consider it a waste of time or money, and I don’t think many others feel that way. There are so many people who would love to go to college, but are unable to for some reason. Although, I’m not familiar with how young people look at college today, I think a significant number likely look forward to the opportunity. I do agree with many of Ms. Birds findings. I don’t believe anyone should be force d to go to college. It should be entirely up to each individual. We still see many parents pushing their kids to continue their education, and often for good reason, but if the child doesn’t want to go, it should be their decision. At the age of 18, many are too young and confused, and don’t know what they want to do with their life. It’s also nice to have a break after 13 years of school. We will always have kids who will rebel, just for the sake of rebelling. I think a main cause of this for many students is too much pressure. They have all these standards to live up to, whether it comes from their parents, their siblings, other family members, or society. Some may take that rebellious attitude because they have trouble learning, and they don’t want anyone to know. They would prefer to look like a rebel than to look like a retard. I also agree with the lack of quality teachers, and being required to take many classes that have nothing at all to do with your major. A couple of years ago, I had an in-class accounting teacher who just read to us from the book. I’m thinking I’m coming here and paying for someone to read to me, I can read all by myself, I am looking for someone to teach me. My main focus is getting a degree, but I also truly enjoy learning. I definitely agree with her on college being too expensive. I think she would be shocked to see today’s prices, and I would be very interested to know what textbooks and tuition cost in her day. The kids back  then had some fear of campus violence. But horrors, like the Kent State shooting, were not the norm. Today, we are always seeing campus shootings. Although these seem to have become a way of life and can happen anywhere, it’s still quite scary for the students and may actually have the opposite effect of parents wanting to send their kids off to college. It also seems that hazing has gotten out of control on our campuses. Unfortunately, there is just such an overwhelming hatefulness in our world. There is another factor that may play into a lack of desire to go on to college. They can look at the many success stories of people who didn’t go to college, some who never even completed high school. These folks used hard work to become millionaires and billionaires. I think some people are more successful because of their charismatic personalities, which has nothing to do with their ability or their intelligence. The article I have included with my essay bot h contradicts and agrees with Ms. Birds perceptions. The traditional white male students must feel that college is a waste of time and money, but they are in the minority.

Eve, the Serpent, and Death Formal Analysis Essays

Eve, the Serpent, and Death Formal Analysis Essays Eve, the Serpent, and Death Formal Analysis Essay Eve, the Serpent, and Death Formal Analysis Essay The painting Eve, the Serpent, and Death by Hans Balding is a dark representation of the classic Bible story of Adam and Eve from the book of Genesis. Balding has clearly based most of the painting on themes from the Bible story. And the Lord God commanded the man, you are free to eat from any tree In the garden; but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from It you will certainly die. From this quote you can see where the death aspect In the title comes from, as the male character (Adam) is in a state of decomposition, with his skin ailing off of his body, muscle tissue and bare bones exposed. He appears to be bound to the tree by the serpent, who also has its mouth clenched on his arm. Grasping an apple in his hand, it implies he has eaten an apple from the tree, and has begun to die. When first glancing at the painting, most of the attention is grabbed by the fair composition of the character that is Eve. She appears to be glowing in contrast to the darkness of rest of the painting. It appears as though the light source Is shining from beyond the right side of the painting, as Eve, part of the tree in the foreground, ND the voluble parts of death, or Adam are Illuminated. The background, however Is shrouded with darker colors, only few shapes and lines are visible giving the representation of dense shrubbery occupying the background. There is some shading used on Eves body parts, but not as dramatic as the shading of the tree, which almost has a half-dark, half-light appearance. The organization of the painting is mainly constructed with use of long vertical lines, which creates a dominant foreground that uses dark, neutral colors. In the foreground you see the image of Eve, who is made up of deep curvy lines to monster the body of a naked woman in a standing pose, one leg in front of the other. The tall curvy lines clearly defining the shapes of the legs, torso, and arms. Standing next Eve Is the trunk of the famous forbidden tree from the story of Adam and Eve. It Is composed of long lines with varying points of curvature, giving the tree a twisted appearance. Running up and down the exterior of this tree, are long lines going in erratic directions, connecting with each other making up the bark of the tree. These lines help give the tree an image of texture and movement, by repeating the imposition of the bark. The lengthy, curvy, horizontal lines used for the body of the serpent, which is wrapped around the tree, help accentuate the twisted shape of the tree. There are tall, vertical lines that are used to form the appendages belonging to the figure of Death or Adam. These lines are used mainly for his visible arms and legs, which have deteriorated to the bone; the extended lines establishing the exterior of these appendages. His right leg, however appears to still be intact, but only the bottom half Is visible. Many short lines also contribute to the structure of the minting. There Is a series of closely grouped short, curved lines that constitute the muscle fiber of Death or Adams decaying flesh which Is seen as ripped, and falling from his body. Manifesting at the bottom of the tree is a collection of small, curved add to the trees wicked appearance. As a whole, the painting is a real attention grabber, and it provokes deeper thought through the use of its extreme color contrast and perplexing images. It is definitely a more disturbed imagining of Adam and Eve which accentuates the underlying dark side of bible stories.